The demographic and clinical characteristics
examined included age, gender, academic background
(high school graduate or higher, high
school dropout or lower), use of social resources
(psychiatric day care/night care, community workshop,
community life support center, home-visit
nursing, home-help services), residential status
(live with a housemate or alone), smoking habits
(current smoker or not), and other comorbid
medical diagnoses related to diabetes (hypertension,
cardiovascular disease and hyperglycemia).