2.4 The service and functions provided by an operating system can be divided into two main categories. Briefly describes the two categories and discuss how they differ.
One class of services provided by an operating syst
em is to enforce protection
between different processes running concurrently in
the system. Processes are
allowed to access only those memory locations that
are associated with their
address spaces. Also, processes are not allowed to
corrupt files associated with other
users. A process is also not allowed to access devi
ces directly without operating
system intervention. The second class of services p
rovided by an operating system is
to provide new functionality that is not supported
directly by the underlying
hardware. Virtual memory and file systems are two s
uch examples of new services
provided by an operating system.