Cultural adaptation
Some parameters in the neurobehavioral tests were
adjusted or substituted for items familiar to Thai children.
For example in the OMT which uses common
objects, paper was substituted for envelope because
envelopes are not familiar to young Thai children. In
addition, hair brush was changed to a hair clip because
hair brush has the same pronounciation in Thai as toothbrush;
fork was also substituted for the chopstick and
ruler for pen. The “Happy Birthday song” used in the
DAT was changed to “Chang song”, a song about elephants
that is common in Thai kindergarten. Video and
audio instructions for all tests were translated into Thai.