Local price of seeds and retail white rice; the income generated
by paddy production was not calculated from yields only,
because farmers keep some paddy rice for self-consumption (2%
on average) and seeds for the next season (approximately 9%);
therefore farmers’ income includes the costs avoided by selfconsumption
(not buying white rice instead) and by selfproduction
of seeds (not buying seeds for next season); these
were factors in all economic calculations, using local market
price of seeds (28 THB/kg) and of retail white rice (30 THB/kg).