The percentage of waste depends upon various factors, e.g., the kind of cargo and packing (bags or cases), space occupied by dunnage, type of vessel (one or more tweendecks), number of hold obstructions and the lines of the ship’s hull which affects the shape of the holds, in particular those nearest to the bow and stem, etc. As a matter of course more space may be lost in fast cargo vessels, which have sharp lines for speed. Another factor is the loss of space with bagged goods because bagged cargo may be subjected to more pressure in the lower holds than in the tween decks of general cargo ships.