Conventional power systems are in need for renovation. The main source of energy for the present power system is fossil fuel based, which are depleting in supply day-by-day and at the same time releasing dangerous emissions into the atmosphere. The renewable energy resources such as photovoltaic arrays have attracted great attention in recent years. However, the intermittent nature of this renewable energy and others similar in nature impedes their bulk use and penetration level to the power grid, especially when implemented as a grid connected system. It can be beneficial if a hybrid smart micro grid such as a Photo Voltaic (PV) system and fuel cell can be designed and developed.
This chapter discusses the modeling and control of a PV array and PEM fuel cell based hybrid smart micro grid system and the interconnection to power grid as a smart grid option. The main goal is to develop a nonlinear model for PV and fuel cell, integrate that with power conditioning devices such as DC/DC converters and three-phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) and analyze the performance of this hybrid micro grid connected to power grid acting as an infinite bus based on novel controllers. Overall this chapter discusses the development of a simulation environment that has unique nonlinear models with controllers and shows the ability of the proposed architecture to work as a hybrid micro-grid test bed that is useful for testing real-life implementation.