Published reports were reviewed for current evidence on the use of the ventilator bundle to
prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia, and education sessions were held to present the findings to 61
nurses in coronary care and surgical intensive care units. Changes in the nurses’ knowledge were evaluated
by using a 10-item test, given both before and after the sessions. Changes in the nurses’ practices
related to ventilator-associated pneumonia, including elevation of the head of the bed to 30º to 45º, were
observed in 99 intubated patients.