The results of the initial research on NOS (which are supported by more recent investigations)
may be summarized as follows: (a) science teachers do not possess adequate
conceptions of NOS, irrespective of the instrument used to assess understandings;
(b) techniques to improve teachers’ conceptions have met with some
success when they have included either historical aspects of scientific knowledge or
direct, explicit attention to nature of science; and (c) academic background variables
are not significantly related to teachers’ conceptions of nature of science. Two underlying
assumptions appear to have permeated the research reviewed thus far. The
first assumption has been that a teacher’s understanding of NOS affects his/her students’
conceptions. This assumption is clear in all the research that focused on improvement
of teachers’ conceptions with no expressed need or attempt to do anything
further. This rather intuitive assumption remained virtually untested, with
the exception of two studies that only referred to the assumption in an ancillary
manner. Unfortunately, both of these research efforts (Klopfer & Cooley, 1963; Rothman,
1969) contained significant methodological flaws. Klopfer and Cooley (1963)
failed to properly monitor teachers’ conceptions of NOS throughout the investigation,
whereas Rothman (1969) created a ceiling effect by sampling only high-ability
students
The results of the initial research on NOS (which are supported by more recent investigations)may be summarized as follows: (a) science teachers do not possess adequateconceptions of NOS, irrespective of the instrument used to assess understandings;(b) techniques to improve teachers’ conceptions have met with somesuccess when they have included either historical aspects of scientific knowledge ordirect, explicit attention to nature of science; and (c) academic background variablesare not significantly related to teachers’ conceptions of nature of science. Two underlyingassumptions appear to have permeated the research reviewed thus far. Thefirst assumption has been that a teacher’s understanding of NOS affects his/her students’conceptions. This assumption is clear in all the research that focused on improvementof teachers’ conceptions with no expressed need or attempt to do anythingfurther. This rather intuitive assumption remained virtually untested, withthe exception of two studies that only referred to the assumption in an ancillarymanner. Unfortunately, both of these research efforts (Klopfer & Cooley, 1963; Rothman,1969) contained significant methodological flaws. Klopfer and Cooley (1963)failed to properly monitor teachers’ conceptions of NOS throughout the investigation,whereas Rothman (1969) created a ceiling effect by sampling only high-abilitystudents
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
