In the recent literature, Bock (2010) and Goel (2010) address the real-time issues into their models. Bock (2010) introduces a
real-time-oriented control approach for efficient consolidation, transshipment, and dynamic handling of disturbances such as
vehicle breakdown and accidents. Partial or total outsourcing of transportation services is also allowed and rest times for truck
drivers are enforced. There are two different plans for dynamic update handling, namely, the relevant and the theoretical plans.