Phase three: articulation and reflection
In this phase, the mechanisms of coaching and scaffolding were phased out, implying that the learning activity mainly focused on
student-centered learning without any assistance from the teacher. Once the students completed the 6th set of questions, the teacher picked
out some of them to articulate their learning process. The students in the experimental group further shared how they cooperated with their
peers during the problem-solving processes. Likewise, the students were able to compare their own problem-solving processes with those
of their peers or teachers. Finally, the teacher commented on the students’ presentations and provided a conclusion.