Conclusion
How can we best characterize agricultural policies in Myanmar after 1988 In the light of the narrow technical definition of the concept of an agricultural exploitation policy(that is, a policy that absorbs the surplus from agriculture and uses it as a base for economic development through industrialization), it would be inappropriate to state that an agricultural exploitation policy has been pursued , even after 1988. Rather, if it is examined dispassionate, the genuine policy objective of the government seems to consist of the following two elements: avoidance of social unrest and sustenance of the regime.
These two main objectives have required agricultural policy to accord with following two subordinate aims. one aim is to stabilize prices at a low level for the commodities that are indispensable for the people's diet. The other is to sustain state enterprises in an agro-processing sector which depends for its raw materials on domestically produced agricultural commodities .
The stabilization of essential agricultural prices at a low level conforms with the main objective, which is to avoid social unrest. This explains why agricultural policies in Myanmar have a strong inclination towards production increases for there own sakes while paying rather less attention to farmer's income and welfare.
The impact of such policies on the performances of the agricultural sector is summarized below.
The key crops that are the most important for the peoples diet are rice and oil seeds. When the present regime was established in 1988, the first challenge they faced was a surge in the rice price
However, for the government, a wholesale return to the system of the socialist period was not an
option. Instead, they have adopted two measures. One is to retrain agricultural marketing reforms
with respect to rice. The rice procurement and ration systems were maintained,although on a smaller
scale than before, and rice exports at the stimulation of rice exports continued to be government monopoly.
The other measure is an aggressive policy aimed at the stimulation of rice production, as exemplified in the summer paddy program.
ConclusionHow can we best characterize agricultural policies in Myanmar after 1988 In the light of the narrow technical definition of the concept of an agricultural exploitation policy(that is, a policy that absorbs the surplus from agriculture and uses it as a base for economic development through industrialization), it would be inappropriate to state that an agricultural exploitation policy has been pursued , even after 1988. Rather, if it is examined dispassionate, the genuine policy objective of the government seems to consist of the following two elements: avoidance of social unrest and sustenance of the regime. These two main objectives have required agricultural policy to accord with following two subordinate aims. one aim is to stabilize prices at a low level for the commodities that are indispensable for the people's diet. The other is to sustain state enterprises in an agro-processing sector which depends for its raw materials on domestically produced agricultural commodities . The stabilization of essential agricultural prices at a low level conforms with the main objective, which is to avoid social unrest. This explains why agricultural policies in Myanmar have a strong inclination towards production increases for there own sakes while paying rather less attention to farmer's income and welfare. The impact of such policies on the performances of the agricultural sector is summarized below. พืชหลักที่สำคัญสุดสำหรับอาหารคนมีเมล็ดพันธุ์ข้าวและน้ำมัน เมื่อระบอบการปกครองปัจจุบันก่อตั้งขึ้นใน 1988 พวกเขาต้องเผชิญกับความท้าทายครั้งแรกได้ในราคาข้าว อย่างไรก็ตาม รัฐบาล ส่งกลับไปยังระบบของสังคมนิยมไม่มี ตัวเลือก แทน พวกเขาได้นำมาตรการที่สอง หนึ่งคือการ retrain ปฏิรูปการตลาดเกษตร กับข้าว ข้าวอาหารและจัดหาระบบถูกรักษาไว้ แม้ว่าบนตัวเล็ก ขนาดกว่าก่อน และส่งออกข้าวที่กระตุ้นการส่งออกข้าวยังคงเป็นรัฐบาลผูกขาด วัดอื่น ๆ เป็นนโยบายก้าวร้าวมุ่งกระตุ้นของการผลิตข้าว เป็น exemplified ในโปรแกรมข้าวร้อน
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