When quickly adopting new technologies and methodologies such as SAPWEB, self-service options, and the “portal” concept, MIT further developed and extended additional modules in the ERP system, such as purchasing and travel in 1998, benefits in 2001, HR in 2003, payroll in 2004, and EHS (Environment, Health, and Safety Training) in 2006. More specifically, in 1998, MIT developed its own travel system in the ERP system without adopting any standard functions of SAP. However, as a result, in 2009, MIT bought a travel expense management solution from a third party for higher education institutions and improved a travel process with advanced practices (See Figure 3-6 below).