Unrealistic appraisals of stress are caused by irrational beliefs
Faulty assumptions generate catastrophic thinking and emotional distress.
Social Engineering
The individual modifies his/her position in the world rather than expend energy to alter the stressor.
Personality Engineering
The individual modifies some aspect of his/her personality that has transformed a neutral life event into a stressor.
(Cognitive restructuring, Self Talk, affirmations)
Relaxation Training
The individual applies techniques to induce a physiological condition that is opposite of the stress response. (Deep breathing, meditation).