a considerable body of literature documents the differences among MNCs in terms of the control orientation of the parent (see Egelhoff [1988] for an extensive review). The headquarters of some MNCs exercise much tighter control over their subsidiaries than others, thereby influencing more directly decisionmaking in strategy, marketing and other functions including human resource management. We would expect that affiliates with greater autonomy are more likely to adopt local practices. Conversely, we would expect that if the parent exercised tight control over the affiliate, perhaps taking an active part in decisionmaking or having a rigid set of formal rules and guidelines, the affiliate will be less likely to adopt local practices