The most important effect on the shear stress was the antagonistic interaction between b-glucan and cocoa butter. The increase in the shear stress with the increase in substitution of cocoa butter with b-glucan concentrate in formulations can also be attributed to the increase of solid particles in the product, as previously mentioned. Cocoa butter has an opposite effect; with the increase in the lipid phase of chocolate, the solid particles become more dispersed, which reduces the flow resistance and the interference in the crystallization process (Ziegler & Hogg, 2009).