Papers are rarely accepted as submitted. Instead, most researchers are required to respond to
all of the reviewers’ suggestions before the paper is published. When it is returned to the journal, the
paper is usually subjected to the same lengthy review process a second time. Often a researcher must
go through several iterations of this process before his or her study is finally published. Because of
this lengthy process, the paper that is finally published is generally greatly improved from the
original submission. Incidentally, neither the researchers nor the reviewers are paid for the work that
they put into a project. The rewards are intangible, although they can have a tangible impact on the
researcher’s career, since many colleges and universities will only retain professors who successfully
publish his or her research.