Fig. 4.
Contents of total (AsA + DHA) and reduced (AsA) ascorbate (A, left axes), AsA% (A, right axes) and total phenols (B) in leaves of basil grown in hydroponics for 20 (20H) and 35 days (35H) and in soil for 35 days (35S). The other details are as in Fig. 2.
Table 1.
Contents of phenolic acids (μg/g DW) in leaves from basil (Ocimum basilicum cv. Genova) cultivated in hydroponics for 20 (H20) and 35 days (H35) and in soil for 35 days (S35). Means in rows followed by different letters are significantly different at P ⩽ .05.
20H 35H 35S
Gallic acid 208 ± 8.72 a 183 ± 5.35 bB 234 ± 7.93 A
Protocatechuic acid 15.8 ± 2.70 a 8.94 ± 1.93 bB 19.8 ± 3.54 A
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid 334 ± 7.85 a 269 ± 6.89 bB 334 ± 8.95 A
Vanillic acid 80.7 ± 4.87 a 56.8 ± 3.10 bB 106 ± 3.97 A
Chlorogenic acid 67.4 ± 2.78 b 137 ± 5.32 aB 522 ± 6.35 A
Caffeic acid 52.9 ± 7.31 ab 36.5 ± 6.98 bB 270 ± 6.83 A
Syringic acid 100 ± 3.67 a 10.4 ± 1.56 bA 9.32 ± 1.12 A
p-Coumaric acid 46.5 ± 3.56 tr. tr.
Ferulic acid 29.1 ± 1.97 tr. 64.6 ± 4.32
Rosmarinic acid 150 ± 5.78 a 76.7 ± 3.76 bA 45.1 ± 2.48 B
Major tocopherols determined in basil leaves were α- and γ-tocopherol; lower amounts were detected for δ-tocopherol whereas β-tocopherol was not detectable (Fig. 5A). 20H showed higher amounts of α- and γ-tocopherols, which decreased in 35H by 84.3% and 59.8%, respectively. No changes were observed in 35S compared to 35H with the exception of δ-tocopherol which showed a significant decrease in 35S (Fig. 5A).