Nanoparticles application in biosensor design
Immobilization of bioaffinity agents
The first biosensors immobilized enzymes or antibodies
via cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde with bovine
serum albumin acting as cross-linking/blocking agent. The
immobilization was random and resulted in a proportion of
the enzyme being denatured. Nanoparticles have overcome
such limitations by enabling high loading efficacy with
controlled orientation and in many instances, dual functionality such as magnetic separation (concentration) or signal
transduction