Introduction
Student participation is a necessary ingredient for active learning. Therefore, one of our primary responsibilities as instructors is to provide students with opportunities to develop their intellectual independence through class participation. By taking an active role in the learning process, students are empowered to become "co-producers of learning" (Barr and Tagg 1995). The benefits of such pedagogy have been well documented in the literature (see Bonwell and Eison 1991; Meyers and Jones 1993) and expositions of active learning strategies have proliferated on the Web [1].