MaC2H2-1/2 were cloned into pGEX-4T-1 (Amersham Biosciences)to fuse in frame with GST and expressed in BM Rosetta(DE3) by induction with 1 mM of isopropyl-b-D-thiogalactopyr-amoside (IPTG) for 6 h at 30 C. The recombinant protein waspurified with Glutathione Sepharose 4B (GE Healthcare). The EMSAwas performed using the EMSA kit (Thermo) according to themanufacturer's instructions. The probes containing A[C/G]Tderived from MaACS1 and MaACO1 promoters were labeled withbiotin using DNA 3' End Biotinylation Kit (Thermo). The sameunlabeled DNA fragment was used as a competitor. After crosslinking, the membrane was detected by the chemiluminescencemethod according to the manufacturer's protocol on a ChemiDocTMMP Imaging System (Bio-Rad). The primers used in proteinexpression and EMSA assay are listed in Supplementary Table 1.