Patients with IPF were identifi ed from two ongoing cohorts. Two radiologists scored
emphysema and fi brosis severity on high-resolution CT (HRCT) scans. CPFE was defi ned as 10%
emphysema on HRCT scan. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with CPFE and IPF
and those with non-CPFE IPF were compared with unadjusted analysis and then analysis after
adjustment for HRCT fi brosis score. Mortality was compared using competing risks regression to
handle lung transplantation. Sensitivity analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards,
including time to death (transplantation censored) and time to death or transplant