The attraction of revitalized formalities is obvious in light of the two primary functions of the registration system identified by Sprigman: registration acts as a record of copyright ownership, and as a copyright filter. n77 As an ownership record, registration facilitates licensing transactions (including free license grants) by identifying the true owner of the copyright in the work. n78 As a filter, registration limits protection for those works whose creation was not strongly incentivized by the copyright system. n79 Taken together, these functions reduce the universe of protected works and make it easier to license works that are protected, addressing the overprotection problem.