Indian tomatoes are usually produced and harvested by smallholder farmers. Farmers stuff tomatoes in plastic boxes and then transport them to mandis, where tomatoes are traded in open markets. Traders purchase the farmers’ merchandise and sell it at the mandis to local retailers or to traders from other states. When tomatoes are sold to traders, they are transported to another mandi and the same iterative process occurs. Otherwise, when sold to local fresh distributors, tomatoes are transported directly to the retail location. Despite the fragmented value chain with multiple middlemen, evidence shows that tomatoes are a profitable crop for farmers. In 2011, the cost for producing tomatoes in Uttarakhand Primary and secondary processing are typically at different places but, in its paste format after being primarily processed, there is no loss due to its long-term perishability and the mode of transport used (i.e. in metal barrels) (**) South and South-East Asia data for fruits and vegetables