Next we introduce a sequence of five steps that make up a change strategy. The firm's
competitive strategy and leadership shape this sequence and the content of each step. The steps
are generating urgency, creating a vision, developing political support, managing the transition
and sustaining momentum. Finally, we address the measurement of change. Measurement plans
should be made early in the change process to assure that baselines are captured before any
change is undertaken. Process measures, including the energy that employees devote to the
change process, and their awareness, understanding and commitment to it, are important metrics,
especially during large-scale change. Finally, it is important to measure bottom line results, both
in terms of company profitability and individual change-supportive behavior.