Conclusion
Risk recognition linked to improved testing and infant
prophylaxis may further reduce transmission, diagnose
infection earlier and improve linkage to definitive care and
treatment. There is a danger that when transmission risk is
increased, replacement feeding may be considered to prevent
postnatal transmission despite breastfeeding being critical
to infant health and survival. The few paediatric infections
averted will be at the expense of harm to the majority who
are HIV-exposed but uninfected.