means
w|z=0;d = @2w
@z2
z=0;d
= 0 (2.6)
andthe rigidboundary condition which means
w|z=0;d = @w
@z
z=0;d
= 0 : (2.7)
Here, w = u3; z is the component of the velocity vector eldand d is the distance
between the upper andlower planes.
One may select appropriate combinations of these two conditions: (free–free, rigid–
rigid, free–rigid). The following system is considered: a Guid is placed between the
two planes, the lower plane in our case is the bottom of the beaker, andthe upper
plane is a free boundary (open air), so we selected the free–rigid boundary condition.
In our experiment, the S liquidrepresentedby sugar solute is placedabove andthe T
liquidrepresentedby salt solute is placedbelow.
For the sake of simplicity, the T and S elds are treated as linear functions of
z coordinates (only the constant gradients of S and T are considered). A Cartesian
system of coordinates is the most convenient choice for the description: the origin is
placedon the bottom plane andthe z-axis is directed perpendicular to the planes with
a positive direction opposite to gravity acceleration vector.
T(z) and S(z) can be representedaccordingly by the functions
T(z) = T(0)(1 + z) ; (2.8)
S(z) = S(0)(1 + z) ; (2.9)
where and are both constant andpositive values.
Now let us investigate a small perturbation of our system that may lead to hydrodynamic
instability. Only very small perturbations are considered, which means that all
quadratic values (the second order perturbations and other higher order perturbations)
are being neglected.
ui = ˜ui + u
i; i = 1; 2; 3 ; (2.10)
T = T˜ + T ; (2.11)
S = S˜ + S : (2.12)
The corresponding equations are as follows:
1
Pr
@
@t − ∇˜ 2
(∇˜ ˜u) = − RT∇2
T + RS∇2
S ; (2.13)
@
@t − ∇˜ 2
T˜ = − w ; (2.14)
@
@t − ∇˜ 2
S˜ = − w : (2.15)