Results are obtained from intra-arterially determined brachial pressure and from noninvasively measured pressure for comparison. Thirty-minute averages were calculated
for all indices. The effect of morning rising was evaluated by comparing 10 30-min averages before (12:30–05:00, night) and after rising (08:30–13:00, morning).Although awaking was at 06:00 according to the protocol, some uncertainty exists whether or not all patients awoke/rose at exactly that time. Therefore, the period between 05:30 and 08:00 was not included in the analysis, comparable to practice in the analysis of the morning blood pressure surge [24].