It is not easy for growers to distinguish between healthy and infected bark since it is difficult to identify rhizomorphs in bark and themycelia of pathogens can be easily confused with that of several other common root-decaying fungi, therefore the prevention based on visual identification of the pathogen is unfeasible. Pre-treating bark with T. atroviride SC1 before spreading it on the soil could reduce the spread of Armillaria and growers could use this agronomic practice to prevent and control A. gallica infection. In fact Armillaria species are quite common in forests (La Porta et al.,2006), which heightens the risk of their spread in agricultural soils, because growers often obtain coniferous bark directly from the forest to spread on their crops as mulch.