Background and objective: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is the most frequent haematological
hereditary disease. Children with SCA are submitted to long-term prophylactic therapy with
penicillin, butlittle is known about its impact on oral microflora. The aim ofthis study was to
evaluate the oral microbial colonization of paediatric patients with SCA.
Design: Forty children (4–11 yrs old) with SCA (genotype SS) under long-term prophylactic
treatment with penicillin were included in the study. Age/gender-matched control group of
healthy children was also included. Scores of dmft/DMFT (number of decayed (D), missing
(M), or filled (F) teeth; dmft, for primary dentition; DMFT, for permanent dentition) were
obtained and stimulated saliva was sampled. Salivary flow rate and buffering capacity were
evaluated. Counts of microorganisms (mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and yeasts) were
determined by plating method. Yeasts were identified by API 20C AUX and PCR.
Results: Mean dmft/DMFT values were similar in the studied groups (SCA 2.13/1.60 and control
2.38/1.3). Although no significant differences between cariogenic microorganism counts were
observed, significantly higher yeasts oral levels were observed in SCA group. Controls showed
lower salivary buffering capacity. Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species in
both groups. Candida famata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis were also isolated from
controls.Candida dubliniensis,Candida rugosaandCandida sphaericawere found onlyinSCA group.
Conclusions: Based on the results, it could be concluded that paediatric patients with SCA
showed significantly higher oral level of yeasts. Uncommon fungal species were found in
SCA group. Similar caries prevalence and counts of lactobacilli and streptococci in relation
to controls were observed.
Background and objective: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is the most frequent haematological
hereditary disease. Children with SCA are submitted to long-term prophylactic therapy with
penicillin, butlittle is known about its impact on oral microflora. The aim ofthis study was to
evaluate the oral microbial colonization of paediatric patients with SCA.
Design: Forty children (4–11 yrs old) with SCA (genotype SS) under long-term prophylactic
treatment with penicillin were included in the study. Age/gender-matched control group of
healthy children was also included. Scores of dmft/DMFT (number of decayed (D), missing
(M), or filled (F) teeth; dmft, for primary dentition; DMFT, for permanent dentition) were
obtained and stimulated saliva was sampled. Salivary flow rate and buffering capacity were
evaluated. Counts of microorganisms (mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and yeasts) were
determined by plating method. Yeasts were identified by API 20C AUX and PCR.
Results: Mean dmft/DMFT values were similar in the studied groups (SCA 2.13/1.60 and control
2.38/1.3). Although no significant differences between cariogenic microorganism counts were
observed, significantly higher yeasts oral levels were observed in SCA group. Controls showed
lower salivary buffering capacity. Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species in
both groups. Candida famata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis were also isolated from
controls.Candida dubliniensis,Candida rugosaandCandida sphaericawere found onlyinSCA group.
Conclusions: Based on the results, it could be concluded that paediatric patients with SCA
showed significantly higher oral level of yeasts. Uncommon fungal species were found in
SCA group. Similar caries prevalence and counts of lactobacilli and streptococci in relation
to controls were observed.
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