Step 3 is the trickiest, because it requires complex consideration of relevant goals, taking into
account evidence, theory, and practices, as shown in figure 10.1. To establish goals for inference
about what to believe and do, we can ask such questions as the following. What do people aim for?
Why do they have those aims? Are the aims coherent with other goals? Step 4 is also difficult,
because it requires evidence about what practices causally produce goal satisfaction, not just
correlations between practices and goals. Nevertheless, these steps provide a way of using
descriptive evidence to address normative questions, as I will illustrate later in this chapter with
respect to the nature of government.
Step 3 is the trickiest, because it requires complex consideration of relevant goals, taking intoaccount evidence, theory, and practices, as shown in figure 10.1. To establish goals for inferenceabout what to believe and do, we can ask such questions as the following. What do people aim for?Why do they have those aims? Are the aims coherent with other goals? Step 4 is also difficult,because it requires evidence about what practices causally produce goal satisfaction, not justcorrelations between practices and goals. Nevertheless, these steps provide a way of usingdescriptive evidence to address normative questions, as I will illustrate later in this chapter withrespect to the nature of government.
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