Fourteen recipients were excluded because of early death or relapse
(n = 11), vaccination with the trivalent inactivated seasonal
(TIV) but not with the pandemic H1N1 vaccine (n = 1) or for technical
reasons (unavailability of blood samples: n = 2). Among the
28 remaining patients, 14 had been H1N1 vaccinated and 14 had
not.Seven H1N1-vaccinated healthy individuals from the medical
staff of the transplant center were included as controls. The study
was approved by the local ethics committee of Robert Debre Hospital
(Paris, France)