by respondents in BKJ is higher than that of the other areas.
As previously discussed in Section 2.2 of this paper, the waste
treatment facility which offers composting services is located
in a residential area of BKJ. Therefore, the higher percentage
regarding odor problem awareness could be the result of the
nearby composting plant. The next predominant issue was illegal
dumping, with the exception of S2 where the average score in
this study area was 1.3. This is lower than the scores of BKJ (2.4),
S1 (2.4) and S3 (2.2). In S2, the percentage of respondents who
practiced throwing waste on the road side or into a river was
higher than the other areas as shown in Fig. 4. Since residents in
the S2 area are familiar with seeing litter on the road and in rivers,
they have a higher tolerance of illegal dumping than the residents
in other areas. Accordingly, the residents were less concerned
about illegal dumping in S2. A shortage of dumping sites as well as
water contamination by leachate from landfill were also cited as
main concerns for residents in all areas, as people have recognized
that open dumping systems are not sustainable. Interestingly, the
percentage of burden caused by expense was lower in all areas
when compared to most other issues. This outcome suggests that it
may be possible to increase the fee for the local waste management
system, in order to invest in future system improvements.