Third, the low incomes and low levels of living for the poor, which are manifested in poor health, nutrition, and education, can lower their economic productivity and thereby lead directly and indirectly to a slower-growing economy. Strategies to raise the incomes and levels of living of the poor would therefore contribute not only to their material well-being but also to the productivity and income of the economy as a whole.28 (These issues are considered further in Chapter 8.)