2. Materials & Methods
The experiments were carried out in the Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Plant Materials at the
Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization at Radzikow in Poland. Samples for experiments were
made in the Laboratory of Food Analysis and Laboratory of Packing Material Investigations at the
Department of Food Technology in the Latvia University of Agriculture at Jelgava in Latvia.
Analyzed cakes, honey biscuits and butter biscuits baked using classic recipe and technology, were
used as a control samples. In samples with JA part of wheat flour was substituted with JAP in
concentrations 30 % and 50 %. After baking, the cakes and biscuits were left to cool at room temperature
(t~20 r 3qC) and then all samples were milled to pass a 0.5 mm screen. Cakes and butter biscuits have
high content of fats, so at first to reduce interferences, samples were extracted with petroleum ether at
room temperature.
The Upsala method (AOAC 994.13, AACC 32–25) includes preparation of a residue after treatment
with thermostable D–amylase and amyloglucosidase and then ethanol precipitation of solubilized DF
components while leaving low-molecular weight carbohydrates in solution. After acid hydrolysis of total
residue in two steps, neutral polysaccharide residues are quantified as alditol acetates by gas–liquid
chromatography, uronic acid residues determined by colorimetry, and the ash–free acid insoluble residue
(Klason lignin) is determined gravimetrically (the non - carbohydrate part of DF). With this method, total
DF, including starch resistant to the enzymatic treatment used, is calculated as the sum of analyzed
polysaccharides and Klason lignin. Fructan is not included in the analysis. All results are presented on dry
matter basis [9].
Data were processed using one - way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the statistical analysis
software SPSS 18.0 for Windows; significance was defined at p