The most comprehensive aggregate analysis of the longterm
effects of deficit-financed tax cuts was undertaken
by 12 economists at CBO (Dennis et al. 2004). This study
examines the effects of a generic 10 percent statutory
reduction in all income tax rates, including those applying
to dividends, capital gains, and the alternative minimum
tax. The authors do not examine the 2001 and 2003 tax
cuts per se. Because the CBO study focuses on “pure”
rate cuts, rather than the panoply of additional credits
and subsidies enacted in EGTRRA, the growth effects
reported probably overstate the impact of making the
2001 and 2003 tax cuts permanent because in EGTRRA,
many people did not receive marginal rate cuts and some
received higher child credits, which should have induced
reductions in labor supply via the income effect. In their
analysis, every tax payer receives a reduction in marginal
tax rates, so 100 percent of tax payers and taxable
income is affected, whereas 20 percent of filers did not
receive a tax cut under EGTRRA (Gale and Potter 2002).
As Dennis et al. (2004) note in their study, “the reduction
in marginal tax rates is large compared with the overall
budget cost.” Thus, the positive growth effects of better
incentives are large relative the negative growth effects
on higher deficits.
The most comprehensive aggregate analysis of the longtermeffects of deficit-financed tax cuts was undertakenby 12 economists at CBO (Dennis et al. 2004). This studyexamines the effects of a generic 10 percent statutoryreduction in all income tax rates, including those applyingto dividends, capital gains, and the alternative minimumtax. The authors do not examine the 2001 and 2003 taxcuts per se. Because the CBO study focuses on “pure”rate cuts, rather than the panoply of additional creditsand subsidies enacted in EGTRRA, the growth effectsreported probably overstate the impact of making the2001 and 2003 tax cuts permanent because in EGTRRA,many people did not receive marginal rate cuts and somereceived higher child credits, which should have inducedreductions in labor supply via the income effect. In theiranalysis, every tax payer receives a reduction in marginaltax rates, so 100 percent of tax payers and taxableincome is affected, whereas 20 percent of filers did notreceive a tax cut under EGTRRA (Gale and Potter 2002).As Dennis et al. (2004) note in their study, “the reductionin marginal tax rates is large compared with the overallbudget cost.” Thus, the positive growth effects of betterincentives are large relative the negative growth effectson higher deficits.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..