E-learning has been adopted into anatomy education in various ways through different forms. Learning management systems (LMSs), for example, allow students to access main and additional teaching materials, assignments and formative and/or summative assessments. Some LMSs also allow teacher-student and student-student communications. The most recent and advanced e-learning technologies in anatomy education are 3D printing and rapid prototyping, virtual reality and augmented reality. These technologies aim to represent anatomical structures in 3D to improve in vivo visualisation. A past study comparing digital gross anatomy lectures and face-to-face lectures showed that digital lectures were preferred by students and improved their performance as they could revisit digital lectures when needed. Furthermore, preparatory e-learning activities conducted prior to traditional anatomy teaching also improved the engagement of students, eased their learning process and enhanced their long-term memory. The findings of these studies were concordant with those in a meta analysis performed by the US Department of Education, which concluded that students who were exposed to an online learning platform performed modestly better than those who learned the same material via face-to-face discussions. The effect was further heightened in blended learning