Abstract
Marine-derived fungi are known to produce a diverse array of novel secondary metabolites, some of them featuring hitherto unprecedented new carbon frameworks, and many of them exhibiting interesting biological and pharmacological properties. This review with 237 structures and 222 references gives an account of new structures identified from fungi from marine habitats in comparison to those already known from terrestrial strains, covering the period between 2007 and 2008. Natural products are grouped with regard to their likely biosynthetic origin into 10 classes, including polyketides, prenylated polyketides (meroterpenoids), nitrogen-containing polyketides, alkaloids, diketopiperazines, peptides, terpenes, lipids, shikimate-derived metabolites (phenylpropanoids), and miscellaneous natural products that are difficult to classify. Furthermore, a few selected examples are given of metabolically prolific fungi that produce a variety of secondary metabolites belonging to different biogenetic classes. In addition, recent investigations into the microbial ecology of this group of microorganisms are presented, focusing on molecular methods to examine the biological, possibly symbiotic, relationships between macroorganism hosts such as algae and sponges, and their fungal associates.
AbstractMarine-derived fungi are known to produce a diverse array of novel secondary metabolites, some of them featuring hitherto unprecedented new carbon frameworks, and many of them exhibiting interesting biological and pharmacological properties. This review with 237 structures and 222 references gives an account of new structures identified from fungi from marine habitats in comparison to those already known from terrestrial strains, covering the period between 2007 and 2008. Natural products are grouped with regard to their likely biosynthetic origin into 10 classes, including polyketides, prenylated polyketides (meroterpenoids), nitrogen-containing polyketides, alkaloids, diketopiperazines, peptides, terpenes, lipids, shikimate-derived metabolites (phenylpropanoids), and miscellaneous natural products that are difficult to classify. Furthermore, a few selected examples are given of metabolically prolific fungi that produce a variety of secondary metabolites belonging to different biogenetic classes. In addition, recent investigations into the microbial ecology of this group of microorganisms are presented, focusing on molecular methods to examine the biological, possibly symbiotic, relationships between macroorganism hosts such as algae and sponges, and their fungal associates.
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