the head of Victor Gruen & Associates, was born in Vienna, Austria, where he received his architectural training at the Technological Institute, Advanced Division for Building Construction, and the Academy of Fine Arts. He was certified as an architect in Vienna in 1929 and practiced in that city until 1938, when he moved to the United States and Opened his first office in New York. He is a registered architect in many states and his firm now has offices in Los Angeles, Detroit, New York Minneapolis, and San Francisco.