Amazon Basin FactsThe Amazon River,

Amazon Basin Facts

The Amazon River, according to many accounts, was named by Spanish explorer Fransisco de Orellana in 1541. The name was in honor of the female warriors he encountered on his voyage through the territory previously called Maranon.

The Amazon rain forest occupies 40 percent of Brazil's total geographical area. It is the drainage basin for the Amazon River and its many tributaries and covers 2,722,000 square miles.

Geologically, the Amazon River and basin are contained by two large stable masses of Pre-Cambrian rock, the Guiana Shield or Highlands to the north, the Central Brazilian Shield or Plateau to the south; the Andes Mountains to the west; and it flows eastward to empty into the Atlantic Ocean.

The Amazon River basin is about 4,195 miles long, covering about 2,720,000 square miles in area, including its 15,000 tributaries and subtributaries (four of which are in excess of 1,000 miles long). It is the largest river basin in the world.

The source of the Amazon is the lake, Lauricocha, in the Peruvian Andes. The river is still known as the Maranon in its upper course, in the Andes. The length of the Amazon is measured from the source of the Ucayali river, which joins with the Maranon to eventually form the Amazon.

Much of northern Brazil is drained by the Rio Negro, which joins the Amazon to give it full strength before flowing into the Atlantic. The flow of the river has an average velocity of 1.5 miles per hour, which increases greatly at flood times.

The powerful discharge at the mouth of the Amazon measures about eight trillion gallons a day, 60 times that of the Nile and eleven times that of the Mississippi. The annual average discharge is 6,350,000 cubic feet per second ("cusecs") into the Atlantic, rising to over 7,000,000 cusecs during a flood. The mouth of the Amazon is more than 250 miles wide.

Most of the Brazilian part of the river exceeds 150 feet in depth, although some parts near the mouth have recorded depths of as much as 300 feet.

The width of the river ranges from one mile to 35 miles.

The city at the heart of the basin, Manaus, has an altitude of only 144 feet. The average level of the basin is 300 feet above sea level.

In the Amazon Basin, flooding often occurs between June and October.

The climate is warm and humid, with an average temperature of 79 degrees and an average yearly rainfall of 80 inches. Temperature differences between day and night are greater than those between seasons.

The Amazon Rainforest is thought to be the oldest tropical forest area in the world, perhaps as much as 100 million years old.

The forest areas are described by amount of flooding that occurs: not flooded, occasionally flooded, or regularly flooded.

The floral provinces of Amazonia are marked by geographic variations in sunlight, rainfall, temperature, and soils.

The trees, of which 117 species have been counted in an area of one half of a square mile, are of enormous variety. The uppermost layer of the rainforest is called the canopy. It receives most of the light energy from the sun and is a zone of extreme profusion of life.

ผลลัพธ์ (ม้ง) 1:

Amazon phiab tseeb

The Amazon dej, raws li cov nyiaj ntau, yog lub npe tis yog Spanish explorer Fransisco tsib Orellana hauv 1541. Lub npe yog hawm txog tus poj niam warriors nws ces yuav tsum nyob nws voyage los ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev yav tas los hu ua Maranon.

The Amazon rain forest occupies 40 feem pua ntawm tus Brazil tag nrho thaj tsam. Nws yog lub phiab kua rau lub Amazon dej thiab nws txoj kev tributaries muaj ntau thiab them tej nqi 2,722,000 square mais.

Geologically, Amazon dej thiab cov phiab yog muaj nyob ntawm ob tug loj ruaj khov masses ntawm Cambrian tos pob zeb, cov Guiana ntaub thaiv npog los Highlands rau sab qaum teb, lub Central Brazilian ntaub thaiv npog los toj siab mus rau sab qab teb; lub roob Andes mus rau sab hnub poob; thiab nws faib ua eastward kom tas rau hauv hiav txwv Atlantic.

Lub hav dej Amazon phiab yog li 4,195 mais ntev, yuav tsum vov li 2,720,000 square mais ntawm thaj chaw, xws li nws cov 15,000 tributaries thiab subtributaries (plaub uas yog them 1,000 mais ntev). Nws yog ib phiab dej nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

yog qhov uas tus Amazon yog lub pas dej, Lauricocha, nyob hauv lub Peruvian Andes. Tus dej no tseem hu ua cov Maranon nyob hauv nws chav sab sauv, nyob hauv lub Andes. Qhov ntev ntawm tus Amazon yog ntsuas los ntawm lub qhov dej Ucayali, uas yog joins nrog cov Maranon kom nws thiaj li daim ntawv lub Amazon.

npaum Brazil qaum teb yog drained los ntawm tus pov mab dub, uas yog joins tus Amazon muab nws zog tag nrho ua ntej yuav ntws mus rau hauv lub Atlantic. Ndlwg cov dej muaj tshaj tawm nruab nrab 1.5 mais moos, uas tsub kom heev rau cov sij hawm nyab.

Tus haib paug hauv lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus Amazon ntsuas txog yim trillion gallons ib hnub twg, 60 lub sij hawm uas ntawm lub Nile thiab kaum ib zaug ntawm lub Mississippi. Qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kws yog 6,350,000 sau lo lus teb taw ib ob ("cusecs") rau hauv lub Atlantic, microscopic rau 7,000,000 cusecs li thaum muaj dej nyab. Lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus Amazon no ntau tshaj li 250 mais dav.

Feem ntau cov qhov dej Brazilian tshaj 150 taw hauv qhov tob, txawm tias tej yam nyob ze ntawm lub qhov ncauj muaj kaw kev depths txog li 300 tawm taw.

tus dav ntawm cov dej yog hom twg ib mais kom 35 mais.

lub nroog hauv plawv lub phiab, Manaus, muaj ib tug altitude ntawm 144 taw xwb. Qib nruab nrab ntawm lub phiab yog 300 tawm taw saum hiav txwv level.

hauv lub Amazon phiab, dej nyab feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub rau Hli Ntuj Kaum hli ntuj.

lub tsaam thawj yog sov so thiab noo, nrog tus kub nruab nrab ntawm cov degrees 79 thiab ib nrab xyoo dej nag ntawm 80 nti. Kub txawv nrab ib hnub night yog ntau tshaj ntawm cov caij.

Amazon Rainforest tus ho xav tias luag hiob tauj hav zoov thaj tsam hauv lub ntiaj teb no, kab tias ntau li ntau lab (million) 100 xyoo.

Rau cov chaw hav zoov yog piav raws li tus nqi ntawm dej nyab uas muaj tshwm sim: tsis flooded, qee flooded los tsis tu ncua flooded.

lub moo ntawm Amazonia floral khij cov geographic variations tshav, dej nag, kub, thiab xau.

tsob ntoo, twg cov hom 117 muaj raug suav nyob hauv tej chaw ntiag tug ib nrab ntawm cov square mais, yog muaj enormous ntau. Uppermost txheej ntawm lub rainforest no yog hu ua cov nplooj saum toj. Nws tau txais ntau lub teeb lub zog los ntawm lub hnub thiab yog ib tsam ntawm huab profusion lub neej.