• Soil is a key factor in aquaculture. Most of the pond is built from and in soil.
• Many dissolved and suspended substances are derived from contact with soil.
• Pond soil are store housefor many substance that accumulate in pond ecosystem and chemical and biological process the pond ecosystem and chemical and biological process occurring in the surface layer of pond soil influences water quality and aquaculture.
• Hence an understanding of soil properties and the reaction and process in soil can be useful in pond aquaculture.