quality rate increase accordingly. High equipment availability means that
chronic and sporadic losses are very low. Adjustments of jigs and fixtures, for
instance are done using the single minute exchange of die concept or SMED
(Shirose, 1995). On the other hand, performance of equipment can be
increased when idling and minor stoppages are tackled appropriately.
However, reduced speed due to mechanical or quality problem can hinder
performance of equipment as well. Long-period stoppages due to holidays, no
materials supply, and periodic repairs are examples of start-up losses that can
affect quality rate. Moreover, reworks and rejects also contribute to volume
losses thus quality rate as well.