Lotus Notes is much more than an email program. It is a sophisticated enterprise solution for large volume corporations. It has thousands of features so it really cannot be compared with a 2 dimensional application such as outlook.
That being said this feature does not exist out of the box - unless you want some sort of hack send-a-reminder-instead solution. There are numerous ways (unlike Outlook):
Install autohotkey and write the functionality yourself
Install Firefox / greasemonkey use the webpage and write the functionality yourself
Study the Lotus Notes API for 10 years and write the functionality yourself
Get the Dominoes Server to enable SMTP, install a standard email client and use the existing functionality