[Hpy][Cl] (>90% purity) was purchased from IoLiTec (Ionic Liquids Technologies GmbH, Heibiomassronn, Germany). Peracetic acid 40% (w/w) was supplied by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc., Japan and SWBC (particle size ∼300 mesh) was obtained from CV Ocean Fresh, the refined carrageenan industry (Bogor, Indonesia).