Sustainability as a management goal was developed
in Germany (in German: Nachhaltigkeit) during the
18th century, aimed at sustained production of wood.
Today the products and demands of forests are much
more diverse, and include wood, shelter, recreation,
nature and habitat protection, species and gene conservation,
etc. Consequently the criteria for sustainable
forest management as defined at the CSCE Conference
in Montreal in 1993 include biodiversity, production,
vitality and health, soil and water conservation, and