However,it would be wrong to conclude that the concept of "segmentary state" and mandala are interchangable.In fact, the mandala type of state has more than a passing resemblance to the "segmentary state " proposed by Southall especially in terms of ritual and spiritual connections, and if one invokes Wolters's concept of "soul stuff" between the ruler and the ruled and among the rulers who aspired to be a cakravartin.