by applying oscillation amplitude within the linear
region over the frequency range 0.1 10 Hz.
The elastic modulus (G0; Pa) and the viscous modulus (Gʺ; Pa) were plotted as a
function of frequency.
To characterize the frequency dependence of G0 over the limited frequency range, the following power law was
used G
Where G0
0 is the energy stored and recovered per cycle of sinusoidal
shear deformation at an angular frequency of 1 Hz, u is the
angular frequency and n is the power law exponent.
Both heating and cooling dynamic temperature sweeps were
also performed from 2 to 25 C and back to 2 C at a scan rate of
1 C/min, frequency of 0.5 Hz, and target strain g ¼ 0.005. G0 (Pa), Gʺ
(Pa) and phase angle (d; ) were obtained, as a function of temperature.
Results were the average of at least two determinations.