The gestational age at recruitment and definition of inadequate intake varied across studies. In our study,gestational age and definition of inadequacy was similar to the study from USA [7] but different from the other two studies in Thailand, which both studied pregnant women in their late trimester [10,11]. Inadequacy of both macronutrient and micronutrient intake was commonly detected in developing countries [4,6] in contrast to the study from USA [7]