• Scan Skew: Caused by the forward motion if the platform during the time required for each mirror sweep. The ground swath is not normal to the ground track but is slightly skewed, producing cross‐scan geometric distortion Mirror‐Scan Velocity Variance: The mirror scanning rate is usually not constant across a given scan, producing along‐scan geometric distortion.
• Panoramic Distortion: The ground area imaged is proportional to the tangent of the scan angle rather than to the angle itself. Because data are sampled at regular intervals, this produces along‐scan distortion
• Platform Velocity: If the speed of the platform changes, the ground track covered by successive mirror scans changes, producing along‐track scale distortion
• Earth Rotation:Earth rotates as the sensor scans the terrain. This results in a shift of the ground swath being scanned, causing along‐scan distortion.
• Perspective:For some applications it is desirable to have images represent the projection of points on Earth on a plane tangent to Earth with all projection lines normal to the plan. This introduces along‐scan distortion.