The main objective of farmer training should be to increase the benefits
of borrowing for production purposes and should be oriented at
improving the business skills of individual farmers. Topics to be included are farm planning and farm management, risk management, book
keeping and cost accounting, savings and liquidity management, the role
and use of credit, the costs of credit (interest and related financial
charges), collateral requirements, loan repayment obligations, legal measures against loan defaulting, etc. Such training can be prepared by banks and delivered to the farmers in conjunction with or by agricultural extension staff.
Grassroots groups, member-owned financial intermediaries such as
credit and savings associations and co-operatives require a more specialized type of training in group organization, joint liability, financial
and business management, savings mobilization and protection, assessment of investment profitability and risks, building up of capital
reserves, lending procedures, accounting and management information
systems. Agricultural bank staff and private sector business or NGOs
may provide essential training support to initiating groups, when the
requirements of training are greatest and when additional costs are the
least affordable.
Non-financial services such as information, training and extension can
be provided by the state, by the private sector or by a combination of
these. The problem is finding the right combination and identifying how
to institutionalize these arrangements. Many drawbacks in the provision
of support services in developing countries can be traced to their high
costs, to inefficiency and to non-involvement or non-commitment of the
final beneficiaries, when they are provided directly by the public sector.
The private sector strengths are in identifying the immediate needs of
different clientele, in organizing the supply of services to meet the
demand, and in managing effectively the financial transactions involved.
However, there is still an important role for the public sector in providing a proper policy and legal environment within which private sector
business activities can take place.
The main objective of farmer training should be to increase the benefitsof borrowing for production purposes and should be oriented atimproving the business skills of individual farmers. Topics to be included are farm planning and farm management, risk management, bookkeeping and cost accounting, savings and liquidity management, the roleand use of credit, the costs of credit (interest and related financialcharges), collateral requirements, loan repayment obligations, legal measures against loan defaulting, etc. Such training can be prepared by banks and delivered to the farmers in conjunction with or by agricultural extension staff.Grassroots groups, member-owned financial intermediaries such ascredit and savings associations and co-operatives require a more specialized type of training in group organization, joint liability, financialand business management, savings mobilization and protection, assessment of investment profitability and risks, building up of capitalreserves, lending procedures, accounting and management informationsystems. Agricultural bank staff and private sector business or NGOsmay provide essential training support to initiating groups, when therequirements of training are greatest and when additional costs are theleast affordable.Non-financial services such as information, training and extension canbe provided by the state, by the private sector or by a combination ofthese. The problem is finding the right combination and identifying how
to institutionalize these arrangements. Many drawbacks in the provision
of support services in developing countries can be traced to their high
costs, to inefficiency and to non-involvement or non-commitment of the
final beneficiaries, when they are provided directly by the public sector.
The private sector strengths are in identifying the immediate needs of
different clientele, in organizing the supply of services to meet the
demand, and in managing effectively the financial transactions involved.
However, there is still an important role for the public sector in providing a proper policy and legal environment within which private sector
business activities can take place.
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