Table 2 shows the orthogonal experimental results of SP. It can be seen that the rise of temperature and the extension of time may enhance the chemical reaction rate resulting in the increment of grafting degree which can improve the oil sorption capacity of SP. On the contrary, higher temperature (over 80 °C) and longer reaction time (more than 8 h) can lead to the decline of oil absorbency, due to homopolymerization. The amount of crosslinking agent will have an impact on the spatial structure of material, thus affecting its oil absorbing properties. In addition, initiator has great impact on the formation process of polymeric chains of oil absorption materials. In terms of oil absorbency, the optimum reaction conditions of preparation for SP are as follows: reaction temperature of 70 °C, reaction time of 8 h, monomer amount of 0.38 mol/L, cross-linking agent amount of 0.33%, and initiator dosage of 6.88 mmol/L. At these conditions, the sorption capacity of SP for diesel is 18.91 g/g.